英语四级的阅读部分需要考生拥有迅速理解和剖析的能力，强化阅读练习将为考试成功奠定基础。记者整理了2025年6月英语四级阅读理解甄选训练（3），期望可以为大伙带来帮助。
2025年6月英语四级阅读理解甄选训练（3）
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.
You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Green Growth
A. The enrichment of previously poor countries is the most inspiring development of our time. It is also worrying. The environment is already under strain. What willhappen when the global population rises from 7 billion today to 9.3 billion in 2050, as demographers expect, and a growing proportion of these people canafford goods that were once reserved for the elite? Can the planet support so much economic activity?
B .Many policymakers adopt a TOP-down and Western-centfic approach to such planetary problems. They discuss ambitious regulations in global forums, or look to giant multinationals and well-heeled NGOs to set an example. But since most people live in the emerging world, it makes sense to look at what successful companies there are doing to make growth more sustainable.
C. A new study by the World Economic Forum and the Boston Consulting Group identifies 16 emerging-market firms that they say are turning eco-consciousness into a source of competitive advantage. These highly profitable companies are using greenery to reduce cosplayts, motivate workers and forge relationships. Their home-grown ideas will probably be easier for their peers to copy than anything cooked up in the West.
D. The most outstanding quality of these companies is that they turn limitationsof resources, labor and infrastructure) into opportunities. Thus, Indias Shree Cement, which has tong suffered from water shortages, developed the worlds most water-efficient method for making cement, in part by using air-cooling rather than water-cooling. Manila Water, a utility in the Philippines, reduced the amount of water it was losing, through wastage and illegal tapping, from 63% in 1997 to 12% in 2010 by making water affordable for the poor.
Broad Group, a Chinese maker of air conditioners, taps the waste heat from buildings to power its machines. Zhangzidao Fishery Group, a Chinese aquaculture company, recycles uneaten fish feed to fertilize crops.
E.Setting green goals is a common practice. Sekem, an Egyptian food producer, set itself the task of reclaiming desert land through organic farming. Florida Ice ">F.These firms measure themselves by their greenery, too. Florida Ice s pay to the triple bottom line of "people, planet and profit". The sustainability champions also encourage their workers to come up with green ideas. Natura, a Brazilian cosplaymetics company, gives bonuses to staff who find ways to reduce the firms impact on the environment. Masisa, a Chilean forestry company, invites employees to "imagine unimaginable businesses" aimed at poorer consumers. Woolworths, a South African retailer, claims that many of its best green ideas have come from staff, not bosses.
G.In emerging markets it is hard for companies to stick to one specialism, because they have to worry about so many wider problems, from humble infrastructure to unreliable supply chains. So the sustainability champions seek to shape the business environment in which they operate. They lobby regulators: Grupo Balbo, a Brazilian organic-sugar producer, is working with the Brazilian government to establish a certification system for organic products. They form partnerships with governments and NGOs. Kenyas Equity Bank has formed an alliance with groups such as The International Fund for Agricultural Development to reduce its risks when lending to smallholders. Natura has worked with its suppliers to produce sustainable packaging, including a new "green" plastic derived from sugar cane.
H. The firms also work hard to reach and educate poor consumers, often sacrificing short-term profits to create future markets. Masisa organizes local carpenters into networks and connects them to low-income furniture buyers. Broad Group has developed a miniature device for measuring air pollution that can fit into mobile phones. Jain Irrigation, an Indian maker of irrigation systems, uses dance and song to explain the benefits of drip irrigation to farmers who cant read. Suntech, a Chinese solar-power company, has established a low- carbon museum to celebrate ways of reducing carbon-dioxide emissions.
Rich became green, or green became rich?
I.One could quibble with BCGs analysis. Phil Rosenzweig of Switzerlands IMD business school has argued that management writers are prone to "the halo effect": they treat the temporary success of a company as proof that it has discovered some eternal principle of good management. The fact that some successful companies have embraced greenery does not prove that greenery makes a firm successful. Some firms, having prospered, find they can afford to splurge on greenery. Some successful firrns pursue greenery for public-relations purposes. And for every sustainable emerging champion, there are surely 100 firms that have prospered by belching fumes into the air or pumping toxins into rivers.
J.Nonetheless, the central message of the WEF-BCG study--that some of the best emerging-world companies are combining profits with greenery--is thought-provoking. Many critics of environmentalism argue that it is a rich-world luxury: that the poor need adequate food before they need super-clean air. Some even see greenery as a rich-world conspiracy : the West grew rich by industrializing , but now wants to sTOP the rest of the world from following suit. The WEF-BCG report demonstrates that such fears are overblown. Emerging-world companies can be just as green as their Western rivals. Many have found that, when natural resources are scarce and consumers are cash-strapped , greenery can be a lucrative business strategy.
46. An air-conditioner manufacturer uses the waste heat from buildings to supply its machines with power.
47. Many critics of environmentalism hold the view that greenery is a rich-world luxury because thats not what the poor people badly want.
48. Workers of the sustainability champions are motivated to bring forward green ideas.
49. It is meaningful to study what successful companies in the emerging world are doing to achieve more sustainable growth, since most people live there.
50. Its difficult for companies in emerging markets to keep focusing on one specific problem because they have many wider problems to worry about.
51. Although some successful firms have embraced greenery, it doesnt mean that greenery will lead to the success of a firm.
52. It will probably be easier for companies to follow the home-grown ideas than those invented in the West.
53. It has been found that greenery can be profitable when natural resources are scarce and consumers are short of cash.
54. Sekem, which produces food in Egypt, set a goal to reclaim desert land through organic farming.
55. To create future markets, the firms also make effort to reach and educate poor consumers, often at the cosplayt of short-term profits.
绿色增长
A.过去的贫穷国家变得富足是大家这个年代最让人振奋的进步了。但同时这种进步也让人担心，由于这类国家的环境早已不堪重负。假如正如人口统计学家预估的那样，全球总人口从今天的70亿上升至2050年的93亿，并且愈加多的人将能买得起过去只有精英阶层才能享用的产品，到那时，会出现哪种情况呢?这个星球可以承受那样多的经济活动吗?
B.很多决策者都采取一种自上而下的、以西方为中心的办法来解决这种全球性的问题。他们在全球平台上雄心勃勃地探讨监管规范，或指望大型跨国公司和富有些非政府组织来树立典范。[49]但，鉴于大部分人都生活在新兴世界，因此研究一下这类国家的成功企业为促进可持续进步做了些什么是非常有意义的。
C.世界经济平台和波士顿咨询公司在最近的一项研究中遴选出16家来自新兴市场的企业，他们觉得这类企业正在将生态意识转换为一种具备角逐优势的资源。这类高盈利企业正在借助环保原因来减少本钱、勉励职员和塑造关系网。[52]比起西方国家臆想出来的对策，起来自于当地的理念可能更容易为其他企业所效仿。
D.这类企业最显著的特征是它们将资源、劳动力和基础设施上的不足化为机会。正是遵循这一思路，长期受困于水资源匮乏的印度Shree水泥公司研发出了世界上最节水的水泥制造工艺，部分缘由在于他们使用了风冷工艺而不是水冷S-艺。菲律宾的一家公用事业公司马尼拉水厂将浪费和非法盗水这两种途径所致使的水资源流失量从l997年的63%降到了2010年的12%，这使得没钱人也能买得起水。[46]中国的空调制造商远大集团借助建筑物中的废热来为机器提供动力。中国的水产养殖企业獐子岛渔业集团则收购吃剩的鱼食来为庄稼提供肥料。
E.设定环保目的是一种容易见到的做法。[54]埃及的一家食品生产厂家sekem以通过有机种植来改造沙漠化的土地为己任。哥斯达黎加的一家食品饮料公司Florida Ice">F.这类企业还通过环保事业来衡量自己的价值。比如，FloridaIce">G.[50]在新兴市场主，企业非常难专注于某一特定范围，由于它们还要考虑从糟糕的基础设施到不稳定的Supply chain等不少更广泛的问题 。因此，可持续进步先进企业力求塑造一个合适自己运营的商业环境。同时，他们还会游说监管机构，巴西的有机糖生产厂家Grupo Balbo正与巴西政府合作，以期打造有机商品的认证体系。它们还同各级政府和非政府组织打造合作关系。肯尼亚的Equity银行通过与国际农业进步基金会等组织联合来减少向小农贷款的风险。Natura与其提供商合作，生产可持续的包装材料，其中包含从甘蔗中提炼出来的新型“绿色”塑料。
H.[55]这类企业还努力接触、培养低收入买家，时常为了发展将来市场而牺牲短期利益。Masisa将当地的木匠组织成关系网，使他们和低收入的家具用户打造联系。远大集团研发了一种可以嵌入手机、用来测量空气污染的微型设施。印度的灌溉系统制造商JainIrrigation用舞蹈和音乐向那些不识字的农民讲解滴灌有哪些好处。中国的太阳能企业尚德公司打造了一家低碳博物馆以宣传降低二氧化碳排放的多种渠道。
以环保谋进步。还是以进步促环保?
I.有人可能对波士顿咨询企业的剖析存有异议。瑞士洛桑国际管理进步学院商学院的Phil Rosenzweig觉得，管理学作家倾向于“光环效应”：他们将企业暂时获得的成功作为其发现了优质管理的永恒法则的证据。[51]一些成功的企业支持环保事业的事实并不可以证明是环堡事业使这类企业获得成功，一些已经进步壮大的企业发现它们有钱做环保。还有一些成功的企业是出于公关的目的而从事环保事业。在所有这类积极主张可持续进步的新兴企业中，一定有100家企业是通过向大方排放废气或向河流排放有毒污水而进步起来的。
J.不管如何，世界经济平台和波士顿咨询企业的这份研究的核心信息——新兴国家里的一些最为出色的企业正在将环保与盈利相结合一是发人深省的。[47]很多批判环保主义的人觉得，环保是发达国家才能有些奢侈品：没钱人第一要解决温饱问题，然后才能说到对超洁净空气的需要。有的人甚至将环保事业看作发达国家的阴谋：西方国家通过工业化致富了，目前却想要阻止其他国家走同样的道路。世界经济平台和波士顿咨询企业的这份报名表明，这类担心被夸大了。新兴国家的企业也可以和它们西方国家的角逐对手一样追求环保。[53]不少人发现，当自然资源匮乏而买家又资金短缺时，环保室业不失为一项收益丰厚的企业进步策略。
46.D
分析：题干意为，一家空调制造商借助建筑物中的废热来为机器提供动力。注意抓住题干中的重点信息air-conditionermanufacturer和wasteheatfrombuildings。文中D段倒数第二句提到，中国的空调制造商远大集团借助建筑物中的废热来为机器提供动力。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为D。
47.J
分析：题干意为，批判环保主义的人觉得，环保是发达国家才能有些奢侈品，由于那不是没钱人最急切需要的。注意抓住题干中的重点信息critics of environmentalism和a rich.world luxury。文中J段第二句提到，很多批判环保主义的人觉得，环保是发达国家才能有些奢侈品：没钱人第一要解决温饱问题，然后才能说到对超洁净空气的需要。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为J。
48.F
分析：题干意为，可持续进步先进企业的职员被鼓励提出环保的想法。注意抓住题干中的重点信息workers和motivatedtobringforwardgreenideas。文中F段第三句提到，这类“可持续进步先进企业”还鼓励职员提出环保创意。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为F。
49.B
分析：题干意为，研究新兴世界的成功企业为促进可持续进步做了些什么是非常有意义的，由于大部分生活活在那里。注意抓住题干中的重点信息successful companies in the emerging world和sustainablegrowth。文中B段末句提到，鉴于大部分人都生活在新兴世界，因此研究一下这类国家的成功企业为促进可持续进步做了些什么是非常有意义的。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为B。
S0.G
分析：题干意为，新兴市场中的企业有很多更广泛的问题需要考虑，所以它们非常难持续专注于某一个特定的问题。注意抓住题干中的重点信息difficult、companiesin emergingmarkets和widerproblems。文中G段首句提到，在新兴市场中，企业非常难专注于某一特定范围，由于它们还要考虑从糟糕的基础设施到不稳定的Supply chain等不少更广泛的问题。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为G。
51.I
分析：题干意为，尽管一些成功的企业支持环保事业，但这并不意味着环保事业可以引领企业获得成功。注意抓住题干中的重点信息embracedgreenery和the SUCCESS ofafirm。文中I段第三句提到，一些成功的企业支持环保事业的事实并不可以证明是环保事业使这类企业获得成功。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述。故答案为I。
52.C
分析：题干意为，当地思维可能比西方国家凭空想象的做法更容易被各企业所效仿。注意抓住题干中的重点信息beeasier、home—grownideas和West。文中C段末句提到，比起西方国家臆想出来的对策，起来自于当地的理念可能更容易为其他企业所效仿。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为C。
53.J
分析：题干意为，有人发现，当自然资源匮乏而买家又资金短缺时，环保事业将会十分有利可图。注意抓住题干中的重点信息greenery、profitable和natural resources are scarce。文中J段末句提到，不少人发现，当自然资源匮乏而买家又资金短缺时，环保事业不失为一项收益丰厚的企业进步策略。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为J。
54.E
分析：题干意为，埃及的一家食品生产厂家Sekem设定了通过有机.农业改造沙漠化土地的目的。注意抓住题干中的重点信息Sekem、reclaimdesertland和organicfarming。文中E段第二句提到，埃及的一家食品生产厂家Sekem以通过有机种植来改造沙漠化的土地为己任。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述。故答案为E。
55.H
分析：题千意为，为了发展将来市场，这类企业常常会努力接触并培养低收入买家，而这常常以牺牲一些短期利益为代价。注意抓住题千中的重点信息futuremarkets、educatepoor consumers和short-termprofits。文中H段第1句提到，这类企业还努力接触、培养低收入买家，时常为了发展将来市场而牺牲短期利益。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为H。
以上是新东方在线英语四级频道记者收拾的“2025年6月英语四级阅读理解甄选训练（3）”，期望考生们获得出色的成绩，顺利通过四级考试。
